Cephalic vein
Vena cephalica
The cephalic vein is the superficial vein on the lateral (thumb) side of the upper limb. It runs from the dorsal venous network of the hand up through the deltopectoral groove and drains into the axillary vein.
Overview
The cephalic vein begins on the lateral side of the dorsal venous network of the hand, near the anatomical snuffbox. It winds around onto the front of the forearm and runs up its lateral border. In the cubital fossa it connects with the basilic vein through the median cubital vein. It then ascends along the lateral border of biceps and enters the deltopectoral groove between deltoid and pectoralis major. Finally it pierces the clavipectoral fascia and drains into the axillary vein.
Function
- Drains the lateral (radial) side of the hand, forearm and arm.
Clinical significance
Intravenous cannulation
The cephalic vein is a common site for intravenous cannulas. At the wrist it is sometimes called the "intern's vein". When cannulating here, take care not to injure the superficial branch of the radial nerve, which runs alongside.
Dialysis fistula and pacemaker access
The cephalic vein is joined to the radial or brachial artery to create a fistula for haemodialysis. Surgeons can also cut down onto it in the deltopectoral groove to introduce pacemaker leads.
Compiled from standard anatomy and physiology references — see the Cardiovascular System sources. For education only; not medical advice.